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Pallet shipping is one of the most widely used methods in logistics for transporting goods. It involves using a rigid base, usually made of wood, plastic or metal, called a pallet, on which packages are stacked and secured. This solution greatly simplifies loading, unloading and handling operations, especially when dealing with bulky, heavy or multiple shipments.
The pallet is now an indispensable element for global logistics. Increasingly, companies and intermodal warehouses need to move goods safely, in a standardised and efficient manner. Pallet shipping provides greater product protection during transport, reduces the risk of damage and enables precise tracking at every stage of the journey.
How pallet shipping works
Pallet shipping follows a well-defined process. It begins with goods preparation: products are positioned on the pallet according to weight, size and stability criteria.
Once ready, the goods are secured to the pallet using materials such as stretch film, strapping or corner protectors to ensure integrity during transport. The packaged pallet is then collected by the carrier. From there, depending on the destination, it continues its journey via organised routes to the final recipient.
The entire cycle is supported by digital tracking systems that allow monitoring of shipment status, ensuring transparency, punctuality and reduced risk of mishaps.
What influences pallet shipping costs
Determining the cost of pallet shipping requires consideration of multiple factors:
Pallet dimensions and weight
A standard EPAL pallet measuring 80x120 cm will have a different price compared to an oversized pallet or one exceeding standard weight limits. Dimensions affect the space occupied on the vehicle and therefore the rate applied.
Geographic distance
A local shipment will cost significantly less than an international delivery, especially if it involves crossing customs borders.
Service type
A standard shipment has a different price from express, and adding ancillary services such as tail lift, handling or cargo insurance incurs additional costs.
Volume and frequency
Those making recurring shipments or moving large volumes can access customised rates or negotiate direct contracts with carriers.
Indicative pallet shipping rates in Europe
Pallet shipping costs vary significantly based on the factors described above. Here's a guide for standard EPAL pallets (80x120 cm, weight up to 500 kg):
| Route | Traditional courier | Load board / Direct carrier | Potential savings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Local (0-100 km) | €50 - €80 | €30 - €50 | 30-40% |
| Regional (100-300 km) | €80 - €120 | €50 - €80 | 30-35% |
| National (300-800 km) | €120 - €200 | €70 - €130 | 35-40% |
| Cross-border EU | €180 - €300 | €100 - €200 | 30-40% |
| Long-haul EU | €250 - €400 | €150 - €280 | 30-40% |
Note: prices are purely indicative and vary based on actual weight, dimensions, urgency, additional services and market conditions. For multiple pallets (2+), the unit cost reduces significantly.
Why direct carriers cost less
Traditional couriers (DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT) are optimised for parcels and small shipments. For pallets, their structural costs (sorting hubs, capillary network, commercial structure) translate into higher rates.
Independent hauliers and owner-operators working through digital load boards have lower structural costs and can offer more competitive rates, especially for direct point-to-point loads.
Solutions for shipping pallets
Today's logistics market offers a wide range of pallet shipping solutions:
Traditional couriers
DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT offer widespread and reliable services with high quality and tracking standards. However, when shipping more than a single pallet, their costs quickly become prohibitive. These operators are optimised for small shipments and single parcels, not full or partial loads.
Digital load boards
Platforms that open access to a wider market of independent carriers and SME hauliers. These professionals, often with one or more transport units, operate at competitive prices precisely because they have lower structural costs than large couriers.
Groupage and freight forwarders
For partial loads, freight forwarders offer groupage services that aggregate multiple pallets from different shippers on the same vehicle, optimising costs for everyone.
How to choose the right carrier
Choosing the right carrier is one of the most important aspects for anyone wanting to ship pallets efficiently. It's not enough to evaluate price alone. Key considerations include:
- Service quality and delivery punctuality
- Ability to track the shipment
- Support availability in case of problems
- Capability to operate on the desired route
- Reviews and feedback from other customers
Companies with recurring needs may opt for stable contracts, while those with occasional requirements can benefit from dynamic platforms where they can find available carriers for each individual shipment.
What can be shipped on a pallet
Pallet shipping suits a wide range of product categories:
- Industrial products: mechanical components, raw materials, semi-finished goods
- Consumer goods: appliances, furniture, household items
- Packaged food: beverages, preserves, dry products
- Construction: tiles, sanitary ware, building materials
- Pharmaceutical: medicines, medical devices (with appropriate certifications)
- E-commerce: warehouse stock, retail point supplies
However, there are exceptions: some products require special authorisations, such as dangerous goods (ADR), perishables requiring cold chain, or goods subject to customs restrictions.
Regulations and standards
Pallet shipping is governed by international standards defining dimensions, capacity, materials and usage methods:
EPAL/EUR standard
In Europe, the most common pallets are EUR/EPAL, with standardised dimensions of 80x120 cm, recognised for their strength and interchangeability. Standard capacity is 1,500 kg for dynamic load and 4,000 kg for static load.
ISPM-15 for non-EU exports
For shipments outside the EU, pallets must be heat-treated or fumigated, compliant with the ISPM-15 standard, to prevent the spread of harmful organisms. Compliant pallets bear a specific mark.
CMR Convention
For international road transport, the CMR Convention defines the rights and responsibilities of sender, carrier and recipient. Understanding these rules is essential for properly managing any disputes.
Delivery times
Delivery times vary depending on distance, service type and vehicle availability:
| Shipment type | Standard time | Express time |
|---|---|---|
| Domestic | 2-3 business days | 24-48 hours |
| Intra-EU | 3-5 business days | 48-72 hours |
| Extra-EU | 5-10 business days | Variable |
It's important to also consider peak periods (holidays, Black Friday, promotional campaigns) when times may extend.
Domestic vs international pallet shipping
Although the principle is the same, shipping a pallet domestically or internationally involves some significant differences:
Domestic shipments
- Simpler procedures
- Lower costs
- More direct carrier access
- Uniform regulations
- Faster delivery times
International shipments
- Customs procedures (for extra-EU)
- Additional documentation (CMR, commercial invoice, packing list)
- Specific health or phytosanitary regulations
- Possible restrictions on goods types
- Longer and more variable times
Why pallet shipping benefits businesses
Pallet shipping offers concrete advantages for companies:
- Standardisation: EPAL pallets are universally accepted and compatible with all handling systems
- Goods protection: significant reduction in damage during transport and storage
- Operational efficiency: quick loading and unloading with mechanical equipment (forklifts, pallet trucks)
- Traceability: each pallet can be individually identified and monitored
- Scalability: from single unit to full load, with economies of scale
But the real step up comes when you exceed single pallet volumes. For larger shipments (2+ pallets), traditional couriers become uneconomical. This is where digital load boards make the difference, providing access to independent carriers with more competitive rates.
The impact of digitalisation
Logistics is undergoing profound transformation thanks to digitalisation. From booking to delivery, every phase can now be managed in an automated and transparent way:
- Real-time GPS tracking systems
- Digital documentation (electronic CMR, POD)
- Automatic supply-demand matching
- Direct carrier-shipper communication
- Mobile device management
The introduction of intelligent algorithms for matching supply and demand has enabled load optimisation, with clear economic benefits (fewer empty runs) and environmental benefits (reduced emissions).
How to optimise your next pallet shipment
Approaching pallet shipping competently means:
- Prepare goods correctly: stable packaging, evenly distributed weight, adequate protection
- Choose the right dimensions: standard pallets where possible, to avoid surcharges
- Compare multiple quotes: don't stop at the first price, evaluate alternatives
- Verify the carrier: reviews, reliability, insurance coverage
- Plan ahead: urgent shipments cost more
- Use digital platforms: to access a wider market of carriers
When volumes exceed single pallets, traditional couriers are no longer the most cost-effective choice. Digital load boards provide access to a broader market of carriers, increase the competitiveness of quotes received and reduce the impact of transport costs on goods value.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
How much does it cost to ship a pallet?
The cost of shipping a standard EPAL pallet (80x120 cm, up to 500 kg) varies roughly from €30-50 for local routes to €100-200 for cross-border EU shipments via direct carriers. Traditional couriers charge 30-40% more. The final price depends on actual weight, distance, urgency and additional services required.
What are the standard dimensions of a pallet?
In Europe, the most common pallet is the EPAL/EUR measuring 80x120 cm with a height of 14.4 cm. Alternative formats include the half pallet (80x60 cm) and industrial pallet (100x120 cm). Standard EPAL capacity is 1,500 kg in dynamic movement and 4,000 kg in static storage.
How long does it take to ship a pallet?
For domestic shipments, standard times are 2-3 business days, while express service can deliver in 24-48 hours. For intra-EU, times range from 3 to 5 business days. Timescales depend on carrier availability and may extend during peak periods.
How can I save on pallet shipping?
To save on pallet shipping: compare multiple quotes using digital load boards rather than relying solely on traditional couriers, plan ahead to avoid urgency premiums, consolidate multiple pallets in the same shipment for lower unit rates, and consider independent carriers who often offer more competitive prices for direct loads.
What's needed to ship a pallet internationally?
For intra-EU shipments you need: CMR consignment note, delivery note, commercial invoice. For extra-EU shipments, add: customs declaration, detailed packing list, and the pallet must comply with ISPM-15 standard (heat-treated). Some goods require additional certifications (health, phytosanitary, ADR for dangerous goods).
Is it worth using a load board to ship pallets?
Yes, especially for volumes exceeding a single pallet. Digital load boards provide access to independent carriers with lower structural costs than traditional couriers, achieving savings of 30-40%. Direct contact eliminates intermediaries, and the ability to compare multiple offers ensures competitive rates.
How do you properly prepare a pallet for shipping?
To properly prepare a pallet: distribute weight evenly across the base, place heavier items at the bottom, don't exceed pallet edges, secure the load with stretch film wrapping at least 3-4 layers, add strapping and corner protectors if needed, and apply identification labels clearly visible on multiple sides.
Sources: European Logistics Association, EPAL (European Pallet Association), ISPM-15 regulations, CMR Convention, industry research on freight logistics.